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Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin has raised concerns about the potential dangers of unchecked Artificial Intelligence (AI) programs.

In a Jan. 10 post on X, Buterin warned that improperly managed AI could create self-replicating intelligent entities that pose risks to humanity.

He stated:

“AI done wrong is making new forms of independent self-replicating intelligent life AI done right is mecha suits for the human mind If we do the former without the latter, we risk permanent human disempowerment. If we do the latter, flourishing superinteligent human civilization.”

He explained that while some AI systems, such as chatbots designed to improve user interfaces, are beneficial, others could lead to significant risks. Specifically, AI agents that function autonomously for extended periods might eventually challenge human control and disempower society.

To mitigate these risks, Buterin proposed focusing on AI systems that complement human intelligence, transforming them into tools that amplify collective capabilities instead of replacing them.

According to him, such an approach would transform AI into a powerful tool for enhancing human capabilities while avoiding unnecessary risks.

A major part of his strategy involves the concept of Decentralized and Democratic Differential Defensive Acceleration (d/Acc). This approach emphasizes the development of decentralized tools to address emerging AI-related threats.

Buterin elaborated on this idea in a recent blog post, describing d/Acc as a framework designed to decentralize defensive technologies. The goal is to empower individuals and communities to protect themselves from potential dangers posed by rapid AI advancements.

This strategy enables a more democratic distribution of technological power by putting defensive capabilities in the hands of communities. For example, decentralized systems could monitor, counteract, or even neutralize harmful AI activities without relying on top-down control from governments or corporations.

Buterin explained that d/Acc could serve as a safeguard in scenarios where AI technologies advance unpredictably. Moreover, the democratization of defense ensures that no single entity can dominate or exploit the potential of advanced AI, fostering a more balanced and resilient technological ecosystem.

The Ethereum co-founder also emphasized developers’ ethical responsibilities in this fast-evolving field. He argued that decentralized approaches like d/Acc enhance collective safety and encourage transparency and collaboration in AI development.

Buterin wrote:

“One idea that is very d/acc friendly is to put liability on owners or operators of any equipment that an AI takes over (eg. by hacking) in the process of executing some catastrophically harmful action. This would create a very broad incentive to do the hard work to make the world’s (especially computing and bio) infrastructure as secure as possible.”

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